Advantages of laser cutting technology for lithium battery production and
processing. We all know that lithium batteries, as the power engine of new
energy vehicles, determine the endurance and mileage of new energy vehicles, and
the quality of their technology directly affects the performance of the new
energy vehicle market. To this end, companies are also trying to use more
advanced processing techniques, such as laser cutting technology, to improve the
performance of lithium batteries.
Laser cutting technology has the characteristics of controllable
processing, high efficiency and high quality, and has a very broad application
in industrial processing, such as automobile industry, textile machinery, sheet
metal processing, etc. Laser cutting can be divided into four categories: laser
vapor cutting, laser melting cutting, laser oxygen cutting and laser scribing
and controlled fracture. Since my country's laser technology started late, core
cutting technology relies on imports, which has led to the slow development of
high-end laser cutting in the country.
laser cutter
Laser cutting machine is the most direct equipment that embodies laser
cutting technology. It focuses the laser emitted from the laser into a
high-power density laser beam through the optical path system. The laser beam
irradiates the surface of the workpiece, causing the workpiece to reach the
melting or boiling point, and at the same time, the high-pressure gas coaxial
with the beam blows away the melted or vaporized metal. As the relative position
of the beam and the workpiece moves, the material will eventually form a slit,
thereby achieving the purpose of cutting.
As an emerging plate processing equipment, laser cutting machine has
undergone continuous technological updates and process development. Laser
cutting technology and laser cutting machine equipment are being familiar and
accepted by the majority of plate processing enterprises, and are known for
their high processing efficiency and processing accuracy. It has many advantages
such as high efficiency, good cutting section quality, and the ability to
perform three-dimensional cutting processing. It has gradually replaced
traditional plate processing methods such as plasma cutting, water cutting,
flame cutting, and CNC punching. According to different laser generators, laser
cutting machines currently on the market can be roughly divided into three
types: CO2 laser cutting machines, solid (YAG) laser cutting machines, and fiber
laser cutting machines.
Features of laser cutting machine
YAG solid laser cutting machine
YAG solid-state laser cutting machines have the characteristics of low
price and good stability, but the energy efficiency is generally <3%. The
output power of current products is mostly below 800W. Due to the small output
energy, it is mainly used for drilling holes and cutting thin plates. Its green
laser beam can be applied under pulse or continuous wave conditions. It has
short wavelength and good light concentration, which is suitable for precision
processing. It is especially effective for hole processing under pulse. It can
also be used for cutting, welding and photolithography. The wavelength of the
laser of the YAG solid-state laser cutting machine is not easily absorbed by
non-metals, so it cannot cut non-metallic materials. What the YAG solid-state
laser cutting machine needs to solve is to improve the stability and life of the
lithium battery, that is, to develop a large-capacity, long-life light Pump
excitation light sources, such as the use of semiconductor optical pumps, can
significantly increase energy efficiency.
Main advantages: It can cut aluminum plates, copper plates and most
non-ferrous metal materials that other laser cutting machines cannot cut. The
machine purchase price is cheap, the use cost is low, and the maintenance is
simple. Most of the key technologies have been mastered by domestic enterprises.
Accessories prices and maintenance The cost is low, the machine operation and
maintenance are simple, and the quality requirements for workers are not
high.
Fiber laser cutting machine
Because it can transmit through optical fiber, the fiber laser cutting
machine has unprecedented flexibility, few fault points, easy maintenance, and
fast speed. Therefore, the fiber laser cutting machine has great advantages when
cutting thin plates within 4mm. However, it is affected by the wavelength of the
solid laser. It has poor quality when cutting thick boards. The wavelength of
the fiber laser cutting machine is 1.06um, which is not easily absorbed by
non-metals, so it cannot cut non-metal materials. The photoelectric conversion
rate of fiber laser is as high as more than 25%. The advantages of fiber laser
are quite obvious in terms of electricity consumption and supporting cooling
system. According to international safety standards, laser hazard levels are
divided into four levels. Fiber laser is the most harmful level due to its short
wavelength and great harm to the human body and eyes. For safety reasons, fiber
laser processing requires a fully enclosed environment.
Main advantages: high photoelectric conversion rate, low power consumption,
capable of cutting stainless steel plates and carbon steel plates within 12MM.
It is the fastest laser cutting machine for cutting thin plates among these
three machines. It has small slits and good spot quality, and can be used for
fine work. cutting.
CO2 laser cutting machine
CO2 laser cutting machine can stably cut carbon steel within 20mm,
stainless steel within 10mm, and aluminum alloy below 8mm. The wavelength of CO2
laser is 10.6um, which is easily absorbed by non-metals. It can cut non-metallic
materials such as wood, acrylic, PP, and organic glass with high quality.
However, the photoelectric conversion rate of CO2 laser is only about 10%. The
CO2 laser cutting machine is equipped with a nozzle that sprays oxygen,
compressed air or inert gas N2 at the beam exit to increase the cutting speed
and make the cut smooth and smooth. In order to improve the stability and life
of the power supply, the discharge stability of high-power lasers must be solved
for CO2 gas lasers. According to international safety standards, laser hazard
levels are divided into four levels, and CO2 laser belongs to the least
hazardous level.
Main advantages: high power, generally between 2000-4000W, capable of
cutting full-size stainless steel, carbon steel and other conventional materials
within 25 mm, as well as aluminum plates within 4 mm and acrylic plates, wooden
material plates and PVC plates within 60 mm. And it is very fast when cutting
thin plates. In addition, since the CO2 laser outputs continuous laser light, it
has the smoothest and best cutting section effect among the three laser cutting
machines during cutting.
Advantages of laser cutting technology for lithium battery production and
processing
The lithium battery processing process has high requirements on accuracy,
controllability and quality of processing machines. During use, the die-cutting
knife will inevitably wear out, causing dust to fall off and burrs to form,
which may cause dangerous problems such as battery overheating, short circuit,
explosion, etc. In order to avoid danger, it is more suitable to use laser for
processing. Compared with traditional mechanical processing, the advantages of
laser processing include no tool wear, flexible cutting shapes, edge quality
control, higher accuracy and lower operating costs.
Before the advent of laser technology, the battery industry used
traditional machinery for processing. Compared with traditional mechanical
processing, laser processing has the advantages of no tool wear, flexible
cutting shape, edge quality control, higher accuracy and lower operating costs.
It is conducive to reducing manufacturing costs, improving production efficiency
and greatly shortening the mold of new products. cut cycle. As an emerging
industry, laser cutting has many particularities in the production process of
lithium-ion batteries. Many of its applications still face various problems that
need to be solved and improved, such as the improvement of laser technology, the
improvement of cutting efficiency, and the stability of cutting effects. Sex and
so on.
In recent years, with the country's attention and enterprises' investment
in core technologies, the country has also made some achievements in
cutting-edge laser cutting technology, such as laser cutting head technology.
These advances are inseparable from the efforts of enterprises themselves. It is
believed that in the near future, this type of equipment will completely replace
traditional mechanical mold making equipment, bringing revolutionary progress to
the safety and low cost of lithium batteries.
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