Tips on equalizing charging methods for series connected UPS power supply
battery packs. In recent years, batteries are being widely used in
transportation, electric power, communications and other fields. In order to
obtain a higher output voltage, single batteries usually need to be used in
series. The editor will introduce to you the techniques of equalizing charging
method of series connected UPS power supply battery pack.
Balancing principle of battery pack in series UPS power supply
1. Series UPS power battery pack is a high-power battery pack that provides
power to the car in electric vehicles. In order to ensure the capacity of the
entire battery pack, balanced management of the battery is necessary.
2. Various battery management ICs on the market for series UPS power supply
battery packs provide voltage equalization management functions. Users only need
to connect some external components to achieve this. Unfortunately, most battery
management ICs use Use resistance shunting/power consumption to achieve balance
between cells.
3. Series UPS power battery pack In the lead-acid battery era, various
methods have emerged for balancing the battery pack.
4. Series connected lithium battery resistors shunt and consume energy.
This method is the most common and simplest method on the market. The protective
plates for battery packs exhibited at the 2009 Electric Bicycle Exhibition,
including those for electric vehicles, are balanced by resistors. The reason is
also very simple: it is easy to implement, and there is no better way. In fact,
it is also the cheapest way.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Series UPS Power Battery Banks
advantage:
1. Low cost, simple structure and easy to implement.
2. Series UPS power supply battery pack is the only existing method for
small companies without R&D capabilities.
shortcoming:
The disadvantages of series-connected batteries are equally obvious: waste
of energy, heat generation, and low balancing efficiency, because it takes time
to consume energy through resistance. In the case of high-power battery packs,
this must also be considered. In fact, many large companies now use the method
of connecting lithium batteries in series when making electric sprayer battery
packs, but some international companies have implemented more advanced balancing
methods, making energy use more efficient and balancing faster. .
Method for balanced charging of series connected UPS power battery
packs
●Attach a parallel balancing circuit to each single cell of the battery
pack to achieve a shunt function. In this mode, when a certain battery is fully
charged first, the balancing device can prevent it from overcharging, and at the
same time, the excess energy is converted into heat energy to continue charging
the battery that is not fully charged.
●Pass each cell one by one before charging, discharge the same load to the
same level, and then perform constant current charging to ensure a more accurate
balanced state between each cell. However, due to the physical differences
between individual UPS power battery packs, it is difficult for each cell to
achieve a consistent effect after deep discharge. Even if the same effect is
achieved after discharge, new imbalances will appear during the charging
process.
●Timing, sequencing, and individual testing of individual batteries in the
battery pack and even charging. When charging the battery pack, it can be
ensured that each battery in the battery pack will not be overcharged or
overdischarged, thus ensuring that each battery in the battery pack is in normal
working condition.
●Using the time-sharing principle, through the control and switching of
switch components, extra current flows into the battery with a relatively low
voltage to achieve the purpose of balanced charging. This method is more
efficient, but the control is more complicated.
●Take the voltage parameters of each battery as the balancing object to
restore the voltage of each battery to be consistent. During equalization
charging, the capacitor is alternately connected to two adjacent batteries
through a control switch, receives charge from the high-voltage battery, and
then discharges to the low-voltage battery until the voltages of the two
batteries become consistent. This balancing method can better solve the problem
of battery pack voltage imbalance, but this method is mainly used in situations
where the number of batteries is small.
●The entire system is controlled by a single-chip microcomputer, and each
battery has an independent set of modules. The module performs charge management
on each single battery according to the set program, and automatically
disconnects after charging is completed. This method is relatively simple, but
it will greatly increase the cost when the number of single cells is large, and
is not conducive to reducing the system volume.
Poor battery management technology and unreasonable charging and
discharging systems are also important reasons for shortened battery life. For
battery packs, in addition to the above reasons, the inconsistency between
single cells is also an important factor.
There are currently many methods for charging UPS power batteries. Choosing
a scientific and reasonable charging method will greatly improve the maintenance
effect of the battery. The UPS system is highly intelligent and uses
maintenance-free batteries, making it easy to use. Pay more attention to care
and maintenance during use to extend the service life of the UPS power
battery.
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