Interpretation: Where does domestic lithium battery pack technology still
need to rely on imports? Stimulated by policies and industrial prospects, the
new energy automobile industry has attracted a large influx of capital. As an
indispensable product in the chain, power lithium battery packs have begun to
increase their production capacity. Rapid expansion. China can be said to be the
most active region in the development of lithium battery packs in the world. At
present, the domestic lithium battery pack special equipment industry has formed
a certain scale, with more than 100 manufacturing companies. However, my
country's lithium battery pack technology and key raw materials still need to
rely on imports.
Although my country's lithium-ion battery market is booming, my country is
not a lithium battery powerhouse. At present, China's lithium battery pack
industry has a structural overcapacity problem, that is, insufficient high-end
high-quality production capacity and excess low-end production capacity. Where
do lithium battery pack technologies still need to rely on imports?
1. According to the classification of the production process of lithium
battery packs, lithium battery pack equipment can be divided into front-end
equipment, mid-end equipment and back-end equipment.
Front-end equipment: foreign equipment has the advantage
Front-end equipment is the core equipment of battery manufacturing, which
has a greater impact on the performance of battery cells and is the key to
whether the product meets the standards. At present, most of the equipment is
imported, and there are technical gaps in domestic equipment, including
efficiency, accuracy, stability, etc.
Mid-range equipment: the center of competition for domestic and foreign
equipment
Domestic equipment in the mid-range is replacing imported equipment, and
some domestic equipment can already be compared with imported products. The
automation rate of original equipment is increasing, and it is in the transition
period from semi-automatic to single-unit fully automatic, such as winding
machines. Pioneer Intelligence has entered the first echelon in the world. Due
to the cost-effectiveness advantage, most battery manufacturers will choose
domestic equipment, but larger battery manufacturers, such as BYD, CATL, etc.,
will still import some from Japan and South Korea.
Back-end equipment: Domestic equipment has the advantage
The back-end equipment is relatively simple and the technical requirements
are not high. The gap between domestic and foreign countries is small, the
degree of localization is extremely high, and more competition is concentrated
among domestic brands.
2. Gap in domestic lithium battery pack separator technology
The separator is an important part of the lithium-ion battery. It is
located between the positive and negative electrodes inside the battery,
ensuring the passage of lithium ions while blocking electron transmission. The
performance of the separator determines the interface structure, internal
resistance, etc. of the battery, which directly affects the battery's capacity,
cycle, safety performance and other characteristics. Excellent separators play
an important role in improving the overall performance of the battery.
my country's lithium battery pack separators have made major breakthroughs
in dry process technology and now have world-class manufacturing levels.
However, in the field of wet separators, domestic separator companies are
limited by many factors such as process and technology. The product level is
still low, and production equipment mainly relies on imports. There is a big gap
between my country's separator products and foreign products in terms of
thickness, strength, and porosity consistency, and product batch consistency
also needs to be improved.
3. The gap between aluminum and plastic films for lithium battery packs in
my country
As the core material of soft-pack batteries, the production technology of
aluminum-plastic film is much more difficult than that of separators, positive
electrodes, negative electrodes, and electrolytes. It is one of the three
high-tech technologies in the lithium battery pack industry.
The performance gap between my country's aluminum plastic film and foreign
products:
The surface stiffness of the aluminum foil is not enough, and the yield
rate is poor;
The surface treatment process of aluminum foil is backward and pollutes a
lot;
Water treatment of aluminum foil will produce "hydrogen embrittlement",
resulting in poor disassembly resistance of the aluminum-plastic film;
When polypropylene is combined with the surface of highly thermally
conductive aluminum foil, it is easy to curl and produce lamellar crystals;
Domestic adhesive formulation technology is poor and prone to delamination
and peeling problems.
Due to the deficiencies in these production processes and technologies, the
maximum penetration depth of aluminum-plastic film products produced in my
country is about 5mm, which has never been able to meet good performance
requirements. In foreign countries, it can reach 8mm, and some even reach 12mm.
Overall, there is still a certain gap with foreign products; in terms of
thickness, the thinnest domestic aluminum-plastic film can only be 70μm, and the
mass-produced ones are 112, 88 and 72μm, while Japanese aluminum-plastic films
The thinnest film can be 40μm, and 65 and 48μm can also be mass-produced.
4. The good news is that domestic lithium battery equipment has basically
replaced imported ones.
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of the technical level of
domestic lithium battery pack equipment, my country's lithium battery pack
equipment has developed from mainly imported to domestically produced equipment.
In 2016, foreign companies accounted for only 28% of the domestic lithium
battery equipment market share, and domestically produced The rate is as high as
72%. Compared with imported equipment, domestic manufacturers develop and
manufacture specifically to meet the needs of my country's lithium battery pack
production technology, which has the advantages of strong adaptability,
preferential prices, high cost performance, and more considerate services.
Our country's lithium battery packs should continue to work hard on
research and development in terms of technical materials, absorb advanced
foreign technologies, and strive for an early breakthrough in material
technology, without relying on foreign imports. In terms of process performance
design of equipment, it is necessary to continuously meet the changes in new
processes, new technologies and new developments of lithium battery packs. my
country's lithium battery pack industry will sooner or later become the industry
leader.
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