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　　Automatic NiCd Battery Charging Circuit

　　China Battery Network currently sells chargers in the market. After the battery is fully charged, some cannot cut off the charging DC path, although some can cut off the DC path or automatically convert to trickle charging, but they cannot cut off the high-voltage AC path. When you forget to remove the battery in time and turn on the power for a long time, the following will happen: Chargers currently on the market. After the battery is fully charged, some cannot cut off the charging DC path, although some can cut off the DC path or automatically convert to trickle charging, but they cannot cut off the high-voltage AC path. If you forget to remove the battery in time and turn on the power for a long time, the following will happen:

　　Chargers currently on the market. After the battery is fully charged, some cannot cut off the charging DC path, although some can cut off the DC path or automatically convert to trickle charging, but they cannot cut off the high-voltage AC path. In the case of forgetting to remove the battery in time and power on for a long time, the following hidden dangers will occur: one is power consumption; the other is that the power transformer is powered on for a long time. It is easy to generate heat and burn out; the third is that the battery is damaged due to overcharging. In response to this situation, this article introduces a charger that works well after long-term use. The circuit is shown in the figure. IC2 (CD4060) is a 14-bit binary serial count/frequency divider, which controls the charging time with VT1, K, etc. C4 and R4 are the reset and clear circuit of IC2. IC3 is a 555 integrated block, which constitutes an oscillator with a small duty cycle, and forms a pulse constant current charge and discharge circuit with VT2, VT3, VT4, etc., using this circuit to charge the battery with a large current to shorten the cycle time. Charging time, and can eliminate the "memory effect" of the battery. Changing RIO, Rll can change the size of charge and discharge current. LED2 controls VT2 and VT3 for constant current charging and also serves as charging indication. Adjust R7 and R8 to make LED2 on for 100 seconds and off for 4 seconds. When LED2 is off and charging is stopped for 4 seconds, tLED3 is on for 1 to 2 seconds and then fades out. At this time, the battery is discharged through VT4 and RII, and LED3 is used as a discharge indicator. Charge and discharge current waveform Let's discuss the automatic nickel-cadmium battery charging circuit. Since the charging current can reach 150mA, IC1 and VT3 should be equipped with appropriate radiators. Charge the No. 5 battery for 5 hours, adjust R2 to make LED1 turn on and off for 18 seconds, pin ③ of IC2 outputs high level, VTI is saturated and turned on, and K pulls in to cut off the AC circuit. LED1 is a timer working indication and a power indication. K will use a self-locking key switch with a relay, and a small relay can also be used, but the circuit needs to be slightly modified to ensure that the relay can be self-locking during the gram-electricity process. VD2 provides a discharge path for C6. When in use, put 2 to 8 batteries, press K, LED3 lights up for 1 or 2 seconds (battery discharge first), LED2 lights up after 4 seconds (start charging), and LED] lights up in 18 seconds (timer works). In this way, the three indicator lights are constantly on and off according to their respective frequencies, which means that the charger is working normally.