Overview of ternary lithium battery

　　There are many kinds of cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. According to the different cathode materials, they can be divided into lithium cobalate, lithium manganate, ternary materials, lithium iron phosphate and lithium titanate. Ternary lithium battery refers to a lithium battery that uses three transition metal oxides, nickel, cobalt and manganese, as cathode materials. Because it combines the advantages of lithium cobalate, lithium nickel oxide and lithium manganate, its performance is superior to any of the above single component cathode materials. The experimental analysis shows that three elements with different valence form a superlattice structure, and there is an obvious synergistic effect among the three components, which makes the material more stable, and the discharge platform is up to 3.6V, so it is considered to be one of the most promising cathode materials. Ternary batteries have excellent electrochemical characteristics such as high energy density, good safety and stability, high rate discharge support, and moderate cost advantages. They have been widely used in consumer digital electronic products, industrial equipment, medical instruments and other small and medium-sized lithium battery fields, and have shown strong development potential in intelligent robots, AGV logistics vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles, new energy vehicles and other power lithium battery fields.

　　At present, the research on ternary materials mainly focuses on the preparation of precursors, the synthesis of materials, and the relationship between electrochemical properties and structures. Most of the transition metal elements Ni, Co and Mn in the material exist in the valence states of+2,+3 and+4 respectively. During the charge discharge process, only Ni2+/Ni4+and Co3+/Co4+react electrochemically. Mn basically does not participate in the electrochemical reaction, but only plays a role in stabilizing the material structure. As for the preparation methods, the commonly used synthesis methods in industry are: high-temperature solid phase method, coprecipitation method, sol gel method, hydrothermal synthesis method, combustion method, etc. Ternary material is a lithium battery cathode material with superior comprehensive performance. Changing the molar ratio of the three materials within a certain range and adding corresponding additives (binder, conductive agent, collector, etc.) can obtain outstanding performance characteristics in some aspects, such as dynamic ternary lithium battery, capacity ternary lithium battery, ultra-low temperature ternary lithium battery, etc

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