What are the main components of lithium battery electrolyte?

　　The liquid lithium battery is mainly composed of four parts: positive electrode material, negative electrode material, diaphragm and electrolyte. The electrolyte is mainly responsible for conducting conductive ions between the positive and negative electrodes. It plays a key role in the energy density, cycle life, power density, safety performance, wide temperature application, etc. of the battery, and is called "the blood of the battery".

　　In the application of battery, electrolyte needs to meet the performance indicators of high conductivity, good thermal stability, high chemical stability, wide electrochemical window, wide operating temperature range, and good safety. What are the main components of lithium battery electrolyte?

　　The main components of lithium battery electrolyte are solvents, solutes, additives and other raw materials, which are prepared in proportion under certain conditions. The quality of the three raw materials accounts for 80% - 85%, 10% - 12%, 3% - 5% respectively, and the cost accounts for 25% - 30%, 40% - 50%, and 10% - 30% respectively.

　　1. Solvent: It is mainly used as the transport carrier of lithium ions, and commonly used as carbonate solvent, including propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), etc. Generally, high and low viscosity solvents are used together. Common combinations are EC+DEC, EC+DMC, EC+DMC+EMC, EC+DMC+DEC.

　　2. Solute: As a provider of lithium ions, lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4), lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), new lithium salt lithium difluorosulfonymide (LiFSI), etc. are generally selected.

　　3. Additives: substances with specific functions. Electrolytes generally contain a variety of additives, which can be divided into film forming additives, high/low temperature additives, overcharge protection additives, flame retardant additives, magnification additives, etc. according to their functions. The common ones are vinyl carbonate (VC) and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC).

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