What is a vanadium battery?

　　1. Working principle

　　Vanadium battery is called all vanadium redox flow battery. At first glance, this long list of names seems a bit silly. Don't worry. Let's disassemble them one by one in order.

　　First, the so-called all vanadium, literally, is because the positive and negative poles of the battery are vanadium. As an analogy, the positive pole of lithium iron phosphate battery is lithium iron phosphate and the negative pole is graphite; The positive pole of lead acid battery is lead dioxide, and the negative pole is lead.

　　Second, redox, which is easy to understand, is the basic principle of battery. The process of redox reaction involves the gain and loss of electrons, and the movement of electrons forms the current.

　　Third, the reason why it is called liquid flow battery is that both positive and negative electrodes are liquid. It can be imagined as a "combination" of positive and negative electrodes and electrolyte. The battery energy is directly stored in the liquid electrolyte. Of course, where there is "closing", there is "opening". The electrolyte of vanadium battery is separated from the stack.

　　For ease of understanding, let's review the lithium battery. The positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery are filled with electrolyte, which is separated by a diaphragm. The battery energy is mainly stored in solid electrode materials. This is the biggest difference between vanadium battery and lithium battery.

　　Then look at the working process of vanadium battery. The working principle of the familiar "rocking chair type" lithium battery is that lithium ions run back and forth at both ends of the rocking chair (positive and negative), which completes the charging and discharging process. However, vanadium batteries do not "exist" positive and negative electrodes, so they do not need to run far away. They only run in front of their own homes - positive and negative electrolyte flows to the stack according to the established route to complete the charging and discharging process.

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