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　　Traditional button battery cr2032 technology is approaching its bottleneck and is in urgent need of breakthroughs

　　"Consumer electronics, automobiles and grid storage are the three main industries where batteries are currently used. I call these three industries the three major areas where people are connected to batteries. Each area has different requirements for batteries, so the ones used Batteries can also (sometimes) be very different. The phone in your pocket needs a strong, safe battery, and weight and cost are less of a concern. For the automotive battery industry, there are many batteries, so cost and weight and cycle. Longevity (you'd be crazy if a new Tesla needed a new battery every two years) becomes very important. Batteries used to store power for the house and the grid don't have the same weight or size requirements." said Winkt Sreenivasan, associate director for research and development at the Joint Center for Energy Storage Research.

　　Nearly every part of the electronics industry requires batteries and is limited by their power output and energy life. Stefano Passerini, editor-in-chief of Power Magazine, pointed out, “The development or progress of batteries is much slower than other fields. This is the limitation of the battery itself. You cannot expect to have a battery that can power your phone for a week or a month. Batteries. Because, the maximum energy stored in a battery is determined by the inherent elements."

　　In 1991, Sony launched the first commercial lithium battery, and lithium batteries are still used today as the mainstream electronic device battery technology. Because lithium ions are the lightest alkali metal element and have the characteristics of smaller, lighter, and higher energy density, they quickly replaced nickel batteries.

　　Among the constituent materials of lithium batteries, there are other metal and non-metal materials such as iron phosphate, manganese, graphite, titanate, etc., but this can only be achieved by the insertion and extraction of the element "lithium ions" in the positive and negative electrodes. The mutual conversion of electrical energy and chemical energy ultimately completes the charge and discharge process.

　　However, technological progress in lithium batteries has been slow. At present, lithium-ion batteries are much higher than lead-acid and nickel-metal hydride batteries in terms of energy density, high and low temperature characteristics, and rate performance, but they are still difficult to meet the rapidly growing demand for electronic products, electric vehicles, etc.

　　In recent years, researchers have worked hard to improve the energy density (power volume to capacity ratio), value, safety, environmental impact and trial life of lithium batteries, and are designing new types of batteries. However, Passerini said that traditional lithium battery technology is now close to its bottleneck, and there is limited room for further optimization.

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